台湾海峡地区地面风场数值试验和数值模拟     

胡瑞金  刘秦玉 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,(1)

利用修改的一层原始方程模式(Danard模式),对台湾海峡地区地面风场进行了数值试验和数值模拟。首先在一些理想情况下,研究了地面气压场、地形、摩擦和加热对地面风场的影响。指出:地面气压场决定了地面风场的基本分布;摩擦对海陆风速差异有重要作用;地形作用表现为弱的分流和阻流作用,加热作用使风场趋于紊乱。并在东北气流控制下的实际风场进行了数值模拟,效果良好。  相似文献   

台湾海峡西部海域表层沉积物m值与地层分布     

张士三  陈承惠 《台湾海峡》1996,15(1):65-74

由台湾海峡西部海域中表层积物的ｍ值分布和＾１４Ｃ测年资料，发现出露于该海域海底表层的沉积物有６层。其中层（３）是以韩江和九龙江古河口沉积物为代表的低海面时期的沉积物，形成于距今９０００－７０００ａ间，出露的古河口沉积物的ｍ值小于１０。层（４）为低海面前海面逐渐下降过程中形成的，沉积物的ｍ值为１０－２６．５，且由上向下渐增。其形成时代为距今１２５００－９０００ａ。层（２）为低海面后海由逐抬升过程中形  相似文献   

台湾海峡水文要素特征分析   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5  

刘金芳  刘忠  顾翼炎  任帅  张国友 《海洋预报》2002,19(3):22-32

本文通过各要素31、85年间年限不等、层次不等的资料,按1°×1°或 0.5°×0.5°（纬度,下同）网格进行统计,进一步深入分析台湾海峡水文要素的分布特征及月季变化规律,为船舶在海上航行、军事活动和海洋学研究,提供可参考的风场和水文要素特征。  相似文献   

Numerical Study of the Generation and Propagation of Trigger Meanders of the Kuroshio South of Japan     

Takahiro Endoh  Toshiyuki Hibiya 《Journal of Oceanography》2000,56(4):409-418

We examine the processes underlying the generation and propagation of the small meander of the Kuroshio south of Japan which occurs prior to the transition from the non-large meander path to the large meander path. The study proceeds numerically by using a two-layer, flat-bottom, quasi-geostrophic inflow-outflow model which takes account of the coastal geometries of Kyushu, Nansei Islands, part of the East China Sea, and the Izu Ridge. The model successfully reproduces the observed generation and propagation features of what is called "trigger meander" until it passes by Cape Shiono-misaki; presumably because of the absence of the bottom topography, the applicability of the present numerical model becomes questionable after the trigger meander passes by Cape Shiono-misaki. The generation of the trigger meander off the south-eastern coast of Kyushu is shown to be associated with the increase in the supply of cyclonic vorticity by the enhanced current velocity in the upper layer along the southern coast of Kyushu where the no-slip boundary condition is employed. Thereafter, the trigger meander propagates eastward while inducing an anticyclone-cyclone-cyclone pair in the lower layer. The lower-layer cyclone induced in this way, in particular, plays a crucial role in intensifying the trigger meander trough via cross-stream advection in the upper layer; the intensified trigger meander trough then further amplifies the lower-layer cyclone. This joint evolution of the upper-layer meander trough and the lower-layer cyclone indicates that baroclinic instability is the dominant mechanism underlying the rapid amplification of the eastward propagating trigger meander.  相似文献   

The morphology of barchan-shaped sand banks from western Torres Strait, northern Australia     

James J. Daniell  Michael Hughes 《Sedimentary Geology》2007,202(4):638-652

Large barchan-shaped sand deposits have been observed in the north west of Torres Strait. These deposits share characteristics of both subaerial barchan dunes and subaqueous sand banks. A study of satellite imagery indicate that the deposits migrate in the direction indicated by their horns (10-15 m west per year), and that sediment is shed from their horns, features that are characteristic of barchan dunes. However the orientations of sand dunes superimposed upon the sand banks indicate the presence of mutually-evasive channels and circulation of sediment around the sand bank, a characteristic of subaqueous sand banks. The presence of mutually-evasive channels is the criteria used to categorise the deposits as sand banks.Barchan forms are known to exist in regions with limited sediment supply and unidirectional current or wind regimes. In the Torres Strait both these criteria are met. Previous work has demonstrated the presence of a net westward current through the Torres Strait that is driven by the southeast trade winds. The relatively high displacement of the wind-driven currents during the trade wind season relative to the monsoon appears to provide the necessary ‘unidirectional’ regime to form barchans. The low, and typically eastwards, displacement of the residual monsoon season current appears to have a negligible affect on the barchan form. While seasonal wind-driven currents appear to maintain the barchan shape of the sand banks, tidal currents actively maintain mutually-evasive channels observed by variations in dune orientation on the sand banks. A sediment starved environment combined with bedload transport attributed to both wind driven and tidal currents is concluded to create a unique hydrodynamic environment where sand banks can attain a barchan form.  相似文献   

海峡经济区的区位优势与优先领域     

陈述彭  陆锋 《地域研究与开发》2007,26(3):1-5,15

在经济全球化的新形势下,台湾海峡两岸经济发展的差距正在缩小,科技合作的空间正在扩大.海峡两岸,唇齿相依,在台风预警、应急救援、地震灾害预报、海底资源勘探开发、通信光缆安全保障等诸多领域,可以优势互补,互利双赢.在客家、玛祖和疍民等面向海洋的蓝色文明的文化交流方面,底蕴深厚、源远流长.当海岛经济发展到比较成熟的阶段时,趋向回归大陆,乃是历史的必然规律.  相似文献   

台南盆地的地震构造ht   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

林明圣  萧谦丽 《地震学报》2004,26(4):404-409

由于发生1906,1941,1946,1994和1999年的破坏性地震，对台南盆地的地震构造有了更全面的了解，并对台湾西南部的活动右旋走滑的义竹断裂有了新的看法. 曾熟知的梅山断裂和新化断裂不是独立的地震断裂，它们均属于义竹断裂的分段. 1994年9月16日，震中在台湾海峡、台南盆地边缘的地震，断层面接近东西向.此地震为台南盆地沉降历史过程中，右旋走滑断裂的活动剪裂所导致. 从1941年和1999年地震的主震和微震记录中发现，这些菱形分布的地震图像，象征走滑断裂双轨构造中的压缩区. 基于上述研究及其它资料表明义竹断裂是台湾西南部重要的构造活动带，并具有引发地震的可能性.   相似文献   

Post-glacial relative sea level, isostasy, and glacial history in Icy Strait, Southeast Alaska, USA     

Daniel H. Mann  Gregory P. Streveler 《Quaternary Research》2008,69(2):201-216

We use the radiocarbon ages of marine shells and terrestrial vegetation to reconstruct relative sea level (RSL) history in northern Southeast Alaska. RSL fell below its present level around 13,900 cal yr BP, suggesting regional deglaciation was complete by then. RSL stayed at least several meters below modern levels until the mid-Holocene, when it began a fluctuating rise that probably tracked isostatic depression and rebound caused by varying ice loads in nearby Glacier Bay. This fluctuating RSL rise likely reflects the episodic but progressive advance of ice in Glacier Bay that started around 6000 cal yr BP. After that time, RSL low stands probably signaled minor episodes of glacier retreat/thinning that triggered isostatic rebound and land uplift. Progressive, down-fjord advance of the Glacier Bay glacier during the late Holocene is consistent with the main driver of this glacial system being the dynamics of its terminus rather than climate change directly. Only after the glacier reached an exposed position protruding into Icy Strait ca. AD 1750, did its terminus succumb - a century before the climate changes that marked the end of the Little Ice Age - to the catastrophic retreat that triggered the rapid isostatic rebound and RSL fall occurring today in Icy Strait.  相似文献   

海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用效益评价及其耦合协调关系研究     

廖佶慧  彭贤伟  王权  简萍  吴清婷 《世界地理研究》2021,30(3):556-566

土地的高效利用和配置优化是城市化进程的现实需求,探究如何提高土地利用综合效益,从而实现对地区土地利用可持发展具有重要意义。从经济、社会、生态环境效益三个子系统构建土地利用效益评价指标体系,利用熵值法探究海峡西岸城市群2008—2017年的土地利用效益及其时空演化过程和耦合协调关系,进一步识别限制各城市耦合协调关系提升的主要因素。结果表明：（1）海峡西岸城市群城市土地利用综合效益存在持续上升的时序特征,空间上表现为“东高西低”,高效益单元主要分布于沿海门户城市及中心城市,且趋于聚集,低值单元主要长期分布于内陆城市和南部沿海城市,且范围不断缩减。（2）城市土地利用经济效益在时序上表现出持续上升的特征,空间上表现为“中高西低”,西部低值区范围明显变小;社会效益小幅增长,中东部形成“环状”中效益区;生态效益整体较低,中部低效益区范围扩张显著。（3）各城市土地利用“经济-社会-生态环境”效益耦合协调度呈不同程度增长趋势,近年以协调发展为主,耦合协调程度表现出由沿海向内陆城市递减的空间异质性,土地利用耦合协调发展主要受复合因素制约。  相似文献   

利用Argo浮标资料分析横跨吕宋海峡20.5°N断面的水文特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

黄志达  胡建宇 《台湾海峡》2010,29(4):539-546

基于Argo浮标资料,分析了一条横跨南海北部、吕宋海峡和西太平洋（20.5°N,114°~130°E）断面的海水温度、盐度的分布特征.其结果表明：Argo剖面资料得到的2008年秋季20.5°N断面海水的温度、盐度分布态势与气候态秋季的分布基本一致,主要差异在于南海次表层水的盐度极大值和西太平洋次表层水的盐度极大值,2008年秋季二者均比气候态秋季的低0.1左右.通过动力计算（选取1 200 m为速度零面）表明：Argo浮标剖面资料与融合的卫星高度计产品得到的20.5°N,117.5°~124.5°E断面的表层地转流北分量的分布比较吻合;吕宋海峡中部（20°~21°N）的黑潮主轴大致位于121.5°E附近,其东边界可达123°E,而西边界仅限于121°E以西,其可能原因是该季节黑潮的左侧存在着一个气旋式环流,阻碍了黑潮西进;黑潮在20.5°N断面的体积流量为27×106m3/s左右,最大流速约为55 cm/s,出现在70 m层左右.  相似文献